| Tension
headache, migraine headache, cluster headache, paroxysmal hemicranias,
chronic daily headache, rebound headaches (analgesia, ergotamine,
caffeine), vascular (CVA, TIA, SAH, ICH, AVM, vasculitis, temporal
arteritis, ICA dissection, cavernous sinus thrombosis), hypertension,
neoplasm, trauma (concussion, skull fractured, contusion, subdural
hematoma [acute or chronic], epidural hematoma), infections (meningitits,
encephalitis, brain abcess, subdural empyema, epidural abscess ,
septic cavernous sinus thrombosis, sinusitis, mastoiditis, otitis
media, parotitis, lyme disease, pharyngitis, fevers, dental abscess),
metabolic (hypoglycemia, hypoxia, hypercapnia, hyperthyroidism,
uremia, dialysis, fevers, altitude sickness, anemia), medications
/ toxins (nitrates or other vasodilators, alcohol withdrawal, caffeine
withdrawal, MSG, nitrites, CO, substance abuse - withdrawal), exertional,
coital, post ictal, post LP or intrathecal injection, cranial neuralgias
(trigeminal neuralgia...), optic neuritis, TMJ syndrome, intracranial
sarcoidosis, increased intraocular pressure (acute close angle glaucoma),
pheochromocytoma, normal pressure hydrocephalus, increased ICP,
pseudotumor cerebri, cervial pathology (spasm, arthritis cervical
spine syndrome), facial muscle spasm, depression, psychogenic; Further
Work Up Needed (Head CT and LP if CT negative) - mental status
change decreased alertness or cognition, worst headache ever, observable
deterioration, focal neuro deficit, new onset seizures, meningeal
signs, onset during exertion, first severe headache, change in pattern
of known headache, abnormal vital signs, first significant headache
after age 50. |